Postherpetic Neuralgia
Pain during and after a VZV infection
Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is a type of nerve pain that occurs as a complication of shingles, a viral infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus. It is a chronic condition that can be difficult to treat.
Causes
PHN is caused by damage to the nerves that occurs as a result of shingles. After a person recovers from the shingles rash, the virus can remain dormant in the body and reactivate later in life, causing damage to the nerves and leading to chronic pain.
Symptoms
The primary symptom of PHN is severe and chronic pain that persists in the affected area for more than three months after the shingles rash has healed. The pain can be described as burning, stabbing, or shooting, and can be constant or intermittent. Other symptoms can include sensitivity to touch, itching, and numbness.
Treatment
Treatment for PHN aims to manage the pain and improve the quality of life. Medications such as pain relievers, antidepressants, and anticonvulsants may be prescribed to help manage the pain. Topical creams and patches containing lidocaine or capsaicin can also be used to provide temporary relief. In some cases, nerve blocks or injections of steroids may be used to help manage the pain. Non-pharmacological treatments, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy and acupuncture, may also be helpful in managing the pain.
Complications
PHN is a chronic condition that can impact quality of life. The pain can be severe and can limit daily activities, leading to depression and anxiety. In some cases, the pain can be so severe that it can be difficult to sleep, leading to chronic fatigue. It is important for individuals with PHN to work with their healthcare provider to develop a comprehensive treatment plan that addresses both physical and mental health needs.
